Notes: Since the South Africans were not getting too far in the competition for a new Indian self-propelled howitzer with its T-6 (based on a T-72 chassis), tried mounting the T-6 turret on the chassis of India's main battle tank, the Arjun. The results were good and Denel presented its design to the Indian government. The Indians, seeing the possibility of being able to build the vehicle in their own country, reacted positively to the design and purchased manufacturing rights and equipment from Denel. The new vehicle was called the Bhim after a hero from Indian folklore (Bhima). The turret has ammunition-loading hatches on the right and left, and a conveyor belt may be extended from either of these hatches for ammunition loading or direct feeding of the gun from a ground pile. There are two hatches on the roof of the turret. The vehicle is equipped with GPS and a fire control computer for direct laying of the gun, or firing at a target where the location is known. It can do so within 4 phases of a halt is the target location is known. One of the crucial factors in the success of this design is the high angle the gun is able to achieve, along with the fast slew rates of the turret; these are needed for fighting in the Himalayan passes that India often finds itself in during its hostilities with Pakistan. Another big factor was the use of the Arjun chassis; with the influx of cheap T-90S tanks from Russia, the Indians decided not to fund the Arjun and production could be diverted to the Bhim.

Twilight 2000 Notes: This vehicle does not exist.

Merc 2000 Notes: The Indians decided to buy a modified 2S19 model (with a 155mm gun) from Russia instead of the Bhim.

Notes: During the 1990s Indo-Pakistan wars, India had a large number of M-46 130mm field guns that they wished to be more mobile, and a number of Vijayanta tanks that they wised to retire from service. Rather than buy more self-propelled guns from an outside source and junking the Vijayantas, they combined 400 of these weapons into single self-propelled howitzers. These first saw action in Kashmir in 1996. The vehicle retains the driver's position, but the center of the vehicle has an open area for the gun and crew, with a frame that has a metal roof for overhead protection.