Notes: The BAT-2 is a combat engineer vehicle used by Russian and Pact forces. The vehicle is based on a T-64 chassis, and has a large V-shaped dozer blade mounted at the front. The BAT-2 has a crane with a capacity of 2 tons that may reach out 7.3 meters from the vehicle, and may be fitted with pincer-type tools. Mounted on the same platform as the crane is a 25-ton capacity winch with 100 meters of cable.

Notes: An ARRV (Armored Repair and Recovery Vehicle) based on the T-72. The turret is replaced and a crane is mounted on the left side that can reach over the entire vehicle and lift 19 tons. The main winch can tow 25 tons, or 100 tons with special equipment and preparation (carried, but not normally fitted). The auxiliary winch can pull 12 tons, the vehicle has a dozer blade, and electric tools, winch gear, standard tools, and a 5Kw generator are standard gear.

Notes: This is a recovery vehicle based on the BMP-1, in the same way that the BREM-1 is based on the T-72. It is intended for recovery and repair of the BMP-series of infantry fighting vehicles. The turret of the BMP-1 is replaced with an armored plate, and the upper hull mounts a crane with a capacity of 1.5 tons. Various recovery tools are placed in stowage positions at various locations on the hull roof and sides, including a tow bar, 200 meters of rope, basic, tracked vehicle, small arms, and heavy ordinance tools, and excavating tools. The front of the vehicle has a large dozer blade which is used to brace the BREM-2 in recovery operations and when using the crane. There is also a carrying position on the left rear roof for a BMP-series power pack. The interior of the vehicle houses a 6.5-ton capacity winch. Russia and other Pact forces use the BREM-2.

Notes: As Russia began to retire its T-64 tanks, some of these vehicles were converted into recovery vehicles for other main battle tanks. These vehicles are known as the BREM-64. In this vehicle, the turret is removed and replaced with an armored superstructure with a cupola for the commander; this cupola mounts an NSVT heavy machinegun. The BREM-64 is equipped with a crane that may lift 2.5 tons (the approximate weight of a Russian tank's power pack). The BREM-64's main winch has a pulling strength of 25 tons, while the secondary winch has a strength of 2.5 tons. The vehicle has a full-width dozer blade mounted at the front, which may brace it during lifting and winching operations, or prepare combat positions. In addition to the standard diesel engine of the T-64, the BREM-64 has an auxiliary power unit of 60 kW, to power vehicle tools without wasting engine fuel. The BREM-64 is equipped with basic tools, tracked vehicle tools, small arms and heavy ordinance tools, a welding unit, an air compressor, and excavating tools.

Notes: With BREM-64s proving inadequate to the task of recovering the heavier T-80 and T-90 tanks, and the BREM-64’s crane and winching capacity generally not good for the recovery of heavy vehicles anyway, a much improved recovery vehicle based on the T-80 tank chassis was designed in the late 1980s. It is generally similar in layout to the BREM-64, but is greatly improved. The crane on the BREM-80 has a capacity of 18 tons, or 30 tons with block and tackle. The main winch has 120 meters of cable and has a capacity of 35 tons, or 140 tons with block and tackle. The secondary winch has a capacity of 1 ton and has 320 meters of cable. The BREM-80 has a full too set, including basic, wheeled vehicle, tracked vehicle, small arms, heavy ordinance, and excavating tools; an air compressor, a welding and cutting set, and a laptop computer for diagnosing problems. A 60 kW generator is provided for powering the vehicle with the engine off. There is a large dozer blade at the front and a bracing bar at the rear to steady the vehicle in heavy lifting and winching operations; the dozer blade can also dig fighting positions. A second container on the rear deck carries spare parts, and there is a stand for a complete tank engine. The BREM-80’s interior is air conditioned and heated.

Notes: The BREM-L is an ARV (Armored Repair Vehicle) based on the BMP-3 chassis. In the BREM-L, the BMP-3 turret is removed and replaced with a small armored cupola on the center right of the vehicle, mounting a PKT machinegun. The left side of the roof has a crane that can lift 6 tons, or 12 tons if a pulley block is installed first. The vehicle's winch has a 20-ton capacity, or 40 tons if a pulley block is installed first. Usually, when the winch is used, a dozer blade mounted at the front of the vehicle is first lowered. There is a load area on the rear hull roof for carrying large stores such as BMP engines and transmissions. The BREM-L is equipped with two pulley blocks, a tow bar, various lengths of rope and cable, and basic tools, tracked vehicle tools, small arms tools, and heavy ordinance tools.

Notes: This is the recovery vehicle member of the BTR-D family. In this role, the BTR-D chassis mounts an A-frame crane with a capacity of 1 ton, or up to 3 tons with block and tackle. The main winch has a capacity of 4 tons, or 12 tons with block and tackle. The winch has 100 meters of cable and is controlled from the commander's position. There is a front-mounted dozer blade that can be used to dig fighting positions or brace the vehicle during heavy winching and lifting operations. For towing, the vehicle has two telescoping tow bars that extend from the rear of the vehicle. The BREhM-D carries a welding set, basic, tracked vehicle, wheeled vehicle, small arms, and heavy ordinance tools, ropes, and cables.

Notes: The BTR-T grew out of a need for a heavily armored engineer assault vehicle. Vehicles such as the BMP did not provide enough protection for engineer squads as they maneuvered into position to breach obstacles.

The BTR-T is a T-55-series hull with a 30mm autocannon elevated over a low-profile one-man turret. There is a pintle mount located on the right side of the turret. The removal of the original turret allows the crew and dismounts to be located forward of the engine. The major drawback of the design is that infantrymen can only exit through hatches on the roof. The BTR-T turret may use the same sort of appliqué armor as the BMP-3, and in fact often does.

Notes: The BTS-T-54-T is one of the Soviet Union's first post-war armored recovery vehicle designs. As the name suggests, it is based on the T-54 chassis. The turret is removed and replaced with a raised superstructure ad a crane that can lift 1 ton. The vehicle has a large dozer blade in the rear to brace it during lifting operations. The BTS-T-54-2 is handicapped by the lack of a winch, so it is limited to towing operations. (The Finnish version of this vehicle, the BTS-2, does have a winch of 12 tons capacity.) In the center of the vehicle is a platform with drop sides to carry tank engines and other large components. The BTS-T-54-2 carries a standard selection of tools for its tasks, including basic, tracked vehicle, small arms, and heavy ordinance tools, as well as rope and a tow bar. Most countries that use the T-55, or have in the past, use this vehicle or the BTS-T-54-TK listed below.

The BTS-T-55-TK is the final development of the T-55-based recovery vehicle for the Russian Army and its allies. The BTS-T-55-TK also uses the more powerful 580 hp engine. It is otherwise like the BTS-T-54-T listed above, but has a more far more powerful 20-ton capacity crane.

Notes: This predecessor of the IMR-2MA was first seen in 1973. It is based on the chassis of a T-55, and during the Twilight War was still being used by many second-line Warsaw pact countries, China, several Middle Eastern nations, and some African countries. In the IMR, the turret of the T-55 is removed and replaced by large crane that can turn through 360 degrees and has a capacity of 2 tons. The crane head may be equipped with a standard lifting head, or other accessories, including a pincer for grabbing, a bucket, or an auger. The front of the IRM has a dozer blade for digging fighting positions, clearing obstacles, or other work. The IRM normally carries an assortment of tools, including basic tools, excavating tools, power tools, construction tools, and air compressor, and a welding and cutting set.

Notes: This is a more advanced Russian combat engineer vehicle than the IMR, being based on a T-72 chassis. They had replaced most of the IMRs in Russian, Czech, and Polish service by 2000. The turret of the T-72 has been replaced by an armored superstructure, from which is controlled the crane. The crane can be traversed through 360 degrees and has a capacity of 2 tons at a reach of 8.15 meters. The crane may use several heads, including a lifting hook, pincer claws, a bucket, and an auger. The front of the IMR-2M has a dozer blade that is armored against mines and is 1 meter high and 3.38 meters wide. Angle grading as well as straight plowing is possible with this blade. The front of the blade also had an extendible probe that is used to send radio signals to trigger the fuses on mines, explosive shells, and other such hazards. It is 65% likely to detonate any such device it encounters if the fuse is a contact, tilt rod, or radio type. The IMR-2M carries a wide assortment of tools, including basic tools, excavating tools, power tools, construction tools, and air compressor, and a welding and cutting set.

Notes: This is the Russians' newest combat engineer vehicle, based on the chassis of the T-90 tank. Its primary job is to clear obstacles, smooth damaged roadways, and clear rubble from urban areas. As is usual for these converted tanks, the turret is removed, and in its place is a raised superstructure. The dozer blade can smooth a road of about 6 km by the width of the vehicle in one hour, depending on the degree of difficulty of the obstacles, or clear earthwork at a rate of 300 cubic meters per hour, or loose rubble at a rate of about 400 cubic meters an hour. The dozer blade is also mine proof for purposes of clearing mines. The IRM-2MA has a crane with a capacity of 2 tons, a main winch with a capacity of 35 tons and 100 meters of cable, and a secondary winch with a capacity of 15 tons and 120 meters of cable. Normal tools carried include basic tools, excavating tools, power tools, construction tools, an air compressor, and a welding and cutting set. There is a 5kW generator to power the tools, winches, and crane when the engine is off.

Twilight 2000 Notes: This vehicle does not exist.

Notes: This vehicle is described by the Russians as an "Engineer Reconnaissance Vehicle," and is based on a lengthened BMP-1 chassis (seven roadwheels instead of six). The vehicle is fully amphibious, and may operate fully submerged with the aid of a 10-meter snorkel. The IRM may generate a smoke screen by injecting diesel fuel into its exhaust. The IRM is also equipped with two mine detectors on booms, a sensor for determining the load-bearing capacities of a piece of terrain, devices to determine water depth, surf action, terrain angles, and the thickness of ice. The vehicle is also equipped with a laser rangefinder, an artillery aiming circle, and two radios with a range of 20 kilometers. The IRM is equipped with a rocket-powered grapple for self-recovery, even under enemy fire. At the rear is a bank of 12 solid rockets to assist in this recovery if necessary. The IRM may use BMP-1 appliqué armor on the hull, but not on the turret.

Notes: Russia and Pact forces use this armored repair and recovery vehicle. It is based on the closed-top version of the BTR-50, and is used to support armored personnel carriers such as the BTR-series and BMP-series. Recovery equipment carried includes anchors, tow bars and cables, block and tackle, oil and fuel pumps, a 5kW generator, a complete welding set, an air compressor, and a set of tools appropriate for working on wheeled and tracked vehicles. Ample room is provided for spare parts, and there is space on the rear deck for carrying a power pack or other large spares. The MTP also has a crane with a capacity of 1.5 tons and a reach of 2.85 meters, and a winch with a capacity of 8 tons (15 tons with block and tackle installed) and 60 meters of cable.

The MTP has a raised superstructure with hatches for the crew and commander in it. The driver's hatch is in the normal place, and there are two doors in the rear. There is a firing port in each side of the crew compartment and in one of the rear doors that can take an AK-series assault rifle or the PK machine gun.

Notes: Similar in concept to the MTB technical support vehicle listed above, this vehicle is based on the MT-LB chassis. The basic form is unchanged, except for the addition of a crane, winch, and platform on the rear deck for carrying engines and other large assemblies. The MTP-LB is capable of land as well as amphibious recoveries. The crane is driven by the winch (the winch and the crane cannot be used at the same time), and has a capacity of 1.5 tons. The crane is an A-frame structure mounted on the front of the vehicle that has a reach of 4.2 meters. The winch may be used by itself, in which case the capacity is 6.12 tons with 80 meters of cable. There is a jack located on the front of the vehicle which may jack up to 15 tons. (This jack must be moved to the cargo platform before amphibious operations can take place.) Other equipment carried by the MTP-LB includes tow bars and tow cables, chock blocks, electric and gas welding and cutting gear, a vehicle decontamination kit, and a full range of tools. The MT-LBs cupola has been removed and replace with a hatch and periscope. And there are crew hatches on the roof between this area and the cargo platform. There are also two doors on the rear of the vehicle. While most versions of this vehicle are armed with a PK, the Polish version of the MTP-LB is armed with an NSV heavy machinegun.

Notes: This is a tracked cantilever-type bridging vehicle based on a T-55 chassis. The turret has been removed so the bridge span can lay flat on the deck area. The bridge can span 18 meters. It weighs 7 tons and can support 40 tons, taking 5 minutes to deploy and 7 minutes to recover. Other than Russian and Pact forces, the MTU-20 is used by Afghanistan, Egypt, Finland, India, Israel, Nigeria, and Syria.

Notes: This AVLB is based on the T-72 chassis, and uses a bridge similar in design, but heavier then, the bridge of the MTU-20 listed above. This bridge can span a gap of 18 meters and support 50 tons. Three minutes are required to lay the bridge, and 8 minutes to recover it. The bridge weighs 6.4 tons. The MTU-72 carries a dozer blade at the front to clear obstacles to bridge laying or otherwise prepare bridging sites. The MTU-72 is used only by Russian and Pact forces.

There is a similar vehicle in Czech service called the MT-72. Weight for this vehicle is 41.5 tons, and the bridge weighs 6 tons.

Notes: This is an AVLB based on the T-90 chassis. It uses a triple-section bridge similar in design to that of the M-1 Wolverine AVLB. This bridge weighs 6.62 tons and can span a 24-meter obstacle, supporting a vehicle weighing 50 tons. The bridge is easy to lay and recover, requiring only 2 minutes to lay and 2.5 minutes to recover. The MTU-90 is used only by Russian forces.

Notes: This Russian vehicle has the tracks and suspension of the T-64 tank, and upper chassis of the PTS-2 amphibious carrier. The PMM-2 uses a floating bridge, and may be used as either a bridge or ferry. When used as a bridge or ferry, the PMM-2 can carry 42.5 tons, but it is unable to carry this weight on land. Up to 10 PMM-2 vehicles can be latched together to form long bridges; each PMM-2 unit can bridge a gap 17 meters wide (or float vehicles that long). PMM-2s can operate in bodies of water with currents of up to 2 meters per second.